Fund.Gulbenkian Garden, Lisboa (Portugal) (plan. 1963-69, A. Viana & G. Ribeiro Telles)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n \u00a0<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text] Minimum goal<\/strong> Measurement method \/ Formula<\/strong>![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/EV02-1.jpg\")
Citizen Platform ‘Bosque Urbano’ M\u00e1laga (Spain)
\n<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″ css=”.vc_custom_1614095927249{background-color: #fdfae4 !important;}”][vc_text_separator title=”city SCALE INTERVENTION” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_single_image image=”24715″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][vc_text_separator title=”ISSUES AFFECTED” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_gallery type=”image_grid” images=”23887,23899,23901,23893,23905,23906,23903,23894,23908,23819,23889,23897″ onclick=”custom_link” custom_links=”https:\/\/www.saulverez.com,https:\/\/www.concellodelugo.com” img_size=”52×52″][vc_text_separator title=”SUITABLE TO BE COMBINED WITH OTHER SOLUTIONS” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_gallery type=”image_grid” images=”25521,25517,25516,25518,25519″ onclick=”custom_link” img_size=”150×55″ custom_links=”http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/en\/proyectos\/ev01-urban-green-infrastructure-ugi-primary-system\/,http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/en\/proyectos\/ag10-community-wwts\/,http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/en\/proyectos\/ag13-purification-of-runoff-in-river-corridors-watercourses\/,http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/en\/proyectos\/ec01-local-community-gardens-urban-agriculture\/,http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/en\/proyectos\/ec02-green-waste-recycling-system\/,”][vc_text_separator title=”MEASURE METHOD” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_column_text]Indicator<\/strong>
\n(I1) CO2 Capture (CaCO2)
\nUnit<\/strong>
\n(I1) T CO2 \/ year<\/p>\n
\n(I1) 24 T CO2\/ha \u00b7 year (minimum density 160 trees\/ha)
\nDesirable goal<\/strong>
\n(I1) Maximum possible tree density depending on the specific
\ncharacteristics of the space.<\/p>\n
\n(I1) CaCO2 (T CO2\u00b7year) = [A x B]
\nA: number of trees in space
\nB: average capture value (0,15 T CO2\/tree\u00b7year)[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”PLANNING LEVEL” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_column_text]Regional planning
\nUrban planning
\nNatural resource management plans[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”people INVOLVED” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_column_text]Local government technicians
\nRegional\/General administration technicians
\nWater and natural resource managers.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”POSIBLE ACTIONS DEVELOPED BY THE ADMINISTRATION:” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_column_text]\u2022 Specific master plan for each space within the framework of an urban tree master plan coherent with the management and planning instruments of the urban green infrastructure (UGI).
\n\u2022 Creation of a management body in partnership with the acting administration and the neighbourhood representative organisations.
\n\u2022 Creation of a nursery and community gardens (Forest Gardening)[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”What should we consider for its implementation?” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_column_text]\u2022 Urban forests are spaces designed to develop a complex ecosystem function.
\n\u2022 When greening projects are carried out, including the promotion of the natural dynamics of vegetation, connectivity with natural and semi-natural spaces has to be studied.
\n\u2022 It is necessary to know the initial state, particularly with regard to soil conditions (soil quality: contamination, aquifers, absence of substrate…) and environmental pre-existence (vegetation, rocky outcrops, fauna…).
\n\u2022 Selection of the type of vegetation to be adapted to climatic conditions and local species.
\n\u2022 It requires spatial and temporal planning and an adequate design. Maintenance is essential.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”EXAMPLES” color=”custom” style=”dotted” border_width=”2″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_column_text]Forests and sustainable cities, Revista Unasylva n\u00ba 250, FAO\u00a0\u00a0 ![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Enlace-web-150x150.png\")
<\/a><\/p>\n
EV02 URBAN FOREST<\/h2><\/div><\/p>\nMain node in the primary system of urban green infrastructure (UGI)<\/h4>\n
<\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”24798″ img_size=”medium” alignment=”right”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_text_separator title=”” color=”custom” border_width=”4″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_column_text]Aim<\/strong><\/p>\nTo create an urban green infrastructure (UGI) node in which plant material and its social use acquire special relevance, so it must have the necessary means and facilities to combine both aspects.<\/p>\n
Why?<\/strong><\/p>\nSince the creation of large urban parks throughout the 19th century, the continuous addition of landscaped areas has hardly left a mark on the urban landscape of cities. This neglect contrasts with the recent appreciation of peri-urban natural systems and the formation of large networks of connected public spaces with environmental quality. This is why historical models are currently being revised from a contemporary point of view. The ornamental and hygienic interest of the large parks is maintained in the powerful image of their valuable urban canopies, but the programmatic contents are updated giving these new spaces a democratic, revisionist and transforming vocation. Paradoxically, some historic parks have lost these qualities, going from being scenarios of an active urban life to becoming mere heritage references.
\nThe services intended by urban forests are:
\n\u25ba Urban landscape: The urban forest, as a revision of the historical urban park model, aspires to become a point of reference for the contemporary urban landscape.
\n\u25baLiveability of public spaces: Vegetation, especially the trees, contributes to psychological well-being and reduces stress. If they are located close to sanitary facilities, they can become therapeutic spaces. The plant masses that make up these spaces can act as acoustic screens and filters, as well as protection against high wind.
\n\u25baEcological connectivity: The tree cover constitutes the main stratum for the ecological connection in the urban complex. The continuity of canopies facilitates the free movement and dispersion of fauna, mainly birds and insects. Furthermore, vertical connectivity is ensured by the incorporation of the intermediate and lower strata.
\n\u25baWater Cycle: The existence of vegetation is necessarily associated with the presence of permeable surfaces, causing water infiltration and reducing runoff.
\n\u25ba Climate Change adaptation and mitigation: Vegetation captures CO2 through the photosynthetic process. It also contributes to the mitigation of Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon by being an effective buffer and fixes pollutant particles.
\n\u25ba Social cohesion: Urban parks are spaces conceived to be co-managed and for the involvement of users in their design, organisation and maintenance.
\n\u25ba Economy: The existence of trees and other types of vegetation implies the generation of quality organic ‘waste’ for the production of other derived products such as compost or mulch. Vegetated surfaces allow these products to be incorporated into the soil as an improver or weed control mechanism. In the case of incorporating edible species, they contribute to the production of fresh and healthy food at the local level.<\/p>\n
How?<\/strong><\/p>\nIt will consist in the creation of vegetated areas with an extension of more than 0.5 Ha, with a tree cover of at least 70% of the free space of buildings, allowing a lower coverage due to the depth of the soil or other limiting factors. It will also include a high diversity of plant strata (understory, shrubs and ground cover).
\nHowever, during implementation it is necessary to propose participatory processes for its design, management and modification, in order to link these spaces to their users and promote sociability in them.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EV02-TABLA-ING.jpg\")
[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/EV02_Central-Park-scaled.jpg\")
Central Park, New York (plan. 1857, F. Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux)
\n<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/EV02-Fundacion-Gulbenkian-scaled.jpg\")
<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n
Main node in the primary system of urban green infrastructure (UGI)<\/h4>\n
<\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”24798″ img_size=”medium” alignment=”right”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][vc_text_separator title=”” color=”custom” border_width=”4″ accent_color=”#fae699″][vc_column_text]Aim<\/strong><\/p>\n To create an urban green infrastructure (UGI) node in which plant material and its social use acquire special relevance, so it must have the necessary means and facilities to combine both aspects.<\/p>\n Why?<\/strong><\/p>\n Since the creation of large urban parks throughout the 19th century, the continuous addition of landscaped areas has hardly left a mark on the urban landscape of cities. This neglect contrasts with the recent appreciation of peri-urban natural systems and the formation of large networks of connected public spaces with environmental quality. This is why historical models are currently being revised from a contemporary point of view. The ornamental and hygienic interest of the large parks is maintained in the powerful image of their valuable urban canopies, but the programmatic contents are updated giving these new spaces a democratic, revisionist and transforming vocation. Paradoxically, some historic parks have lost these qualities, going from being scenarios of an active urban life to becoming mere heritage references. How?<\/strong><\/p>\n It will consist in the creation of vegetated areas with an extension of more than 0.5 Ha, with a tree cover of at least 70% of the free space of buildings, allowing a lower coverage due to the depth of the soil or other limiting factors. It will also include a high diversity of plant strata (understory, shrubs and ground cover).
\nThe services intended by urban forests are:
\n\u25ba Urban landscape: The urban forest, as a revision of the historical urban park model, aspires to become a point of reference for the contemporary urban landscape.
\n\u25baLiveability of public spaces: Vegetation, especially the trees, contributes to psychological well-being and reduces stress. If they are located close to sanitary facilities, they can become therapeutic spaces. The plant masses that make up these spaces can act as acoustic screens and filters, as well as protection against high wind.
\n\u25baEcological connectivity: The tree cover constitutes the main stratum for the ecological connection in the urban complex. The continuity of canopies facilitates the free movement and dispersion of fauna, mainly birds and insects. Furthermore, vertical connectivity is ensured by the incorporation of the intermediate and lower strata.
\n\u25baWater Cycle: The existence of vegetation is necessarily associated with the presence of permeable surfaces, causing water infiltration and reducing runoff.
\n\u25ba Climate Change adaptation and mitigation: Vegetation captures CO2 through the photosynthetic process. It also contributes to the mitigation of Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon by being an effective buffer and fixes pollutant particles.
\n\u25ba Social cohesion: Urban parks are spaces conceived to be co-managed and for the involvement of users in their design, organisation and maintenance.
\n\u25ba Economy: The existence of trees and other types of vegetation implies the generation of quality organic ‘waste’ for the production of other derived products such as compost or mulch. Vegetated surfaces allow these products to be incorporated into the soil as an improver or weed control mechanism. In the case of incorporating edible species, they contribute to the production of fresh and healthy food at the local level.<\/p>\n
\nHowever, during implementation it is necessary to propose participatory processes for its design, management and modification, in order to link these spaces to their users and promote sociability in them.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Central Park, New York (plan. 1857, F. Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux)
\n<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/em><\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Enlace-web-300x300.png\")
<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.lugobiodinamico.eu\/catalogo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EV02-ING.jpg\")
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"